Psyc417 Gustation
Last updated: 1/9/2025
Questions while studying
What is the whole pathway in regards to taste tongue to what??<details> First order neural projects go to the NST (rostral nuclues of the solitary tract), Second order neural projects go to the thalamus and then finally to the insular cortex and orbitofrontal cortex.</details> What does ipsilateral mean ? <details> left corresponds to the left cortex, right to the right cortex</details> What is the whole taste pathway in rodents <details> It starts in the cranial nerves, then to the NST, then to the parabrachial nucleu, and then spits off into multiple pathways to the taste thalamus, lateral hypothalamus, and then amygdala</details> Where is flavor traditionally thought to be perceived in? <details>orbitofrontal cortex</details> When you eat a lot of food, why is it that when you eat one type of food you are full, but then eating the other type of food you aren't full? What is labeled line coding? What type(s) of encoding does smell use? <details>only across-fiber encoding</details> What type(s) of encoding does taste use?<details>across fiber and labeled line encoding</details> How to make food taste good? <details> Cook it! Caramelization Maillard reaction gives the nice flavor of cooking meat blanching</details>
Notes
The insular coretex is the prmiary taste cortex, it has a role in taste discrimination, taste learning, and food preference. Orbitofrontal ortexis the secondary taste cortex (that takes in from many senses) and it is where flavor is peceived. Flavor specific satiety is wwhen food becomes less rewarding once it is eaten to satiation. This is reflected in the orbitofrontal cortex.
There are two types of coding that the prof teaches: Labeled line coding is when activity in a specific neuro type leads to a specific qualitiative sensation, regardless of what stimulates it. (i.e. one cell type is one quality, if you put different receptors inside of a cell, you will react to that receptor like its of the original cell type).
Across-fiber (neuron) pattern: Quality is coded by the pattern of activity in the population of neurons (one neuron can represents multiple qualities). This can happen if once cell expressed on type of receptor, or if the neural fibers attach to all different cell types.
The further in the periphary you go, the more labeled-line encoding yo usee.
Miraculin (miracle fruit): coats the oral cavity to make the perception of sweetness in sour things and can be used to reduce regars in desserts for diabetic patients.
When there is acid in your oral cavity and you have miraculin, it will activate your sweet receptor
Certain odor and taste combination enchances perceived sweetness or flavor